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The shell and tube heat exchanger is composed of the shell, the heat transfer tube bundle, the tube sheet, the baffle plate (baffle plate) and the tube box. The shell is mostly cylindrical, and a tube bundle is installed inside, and the two ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube plate.
There are two kinds of hot and cold fluids for heat exchange, one is flowing inside the tube, called the tube-side fluid; the other is flowing outside the tube, called the shell-side fluid.
In order to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid outside the tube, several baffles are usually installed in the shell. The baffle can increase the velocity of the shell-side fluid, forcing the fluid to pass through the tube bundle laterally multiple times according to the prescribed distance, and enhancing the degree of fluid turbulence.
There can be many variations on the shell and tube design. Typically, the ends of each tube are connected to plenums (sometimes called water boxes) through holes in tubesheets. The tubes may be straight or bent in the shape of a U, called U-tubes.
In nuclear power plants called pressurized water reactors, large heat exchangers called steam generators are two-phase, shell-and-tube heat exchangers which typically have U-tubes. They are used to boil water recycled from a surface condenser into steam to drive a turbine to produce power. Most shell-and-tube heat exchangers are either 1, 2, or 4 pass designs on the tube side. This refers to the number of times the fluid in the tubes passes through the fluid in the shell. In a single pass heat exchanger, the fluid goes in one end of each tube and out the other.
Surface condensers in power plants are often 1-pass straight-tube heat exchangers (see Surface condenser for diagram). Two and four pass designs are common because the fluid can enter and exit on the same side. This makes construction much simpler.
Product picture
The shell and tube heat exchanger is composed of the shell, the heat transfer tube bundle, the tube sheet, the baffle plate (baffle plate) and the tube box. The shell is mostly cylindrical, and a tube bundle is installed inside, and the two ends of the tube bundle are fixed on the tube plate.
There are two kinds of hot and cold fluids for heat exchange, one is flowing inside the tube, called the tube-side fluid; the other is flowing outside the tube, called the shell-side fluid.
In order to improve the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid outside the tube, several baffles are usually installed in the shell. The baffle can increase the velocity of the shell-side fluid, forcing the fluid to pass through the tube bundle laterally multiple times according to the prescribed distance, and enhancing the degree of fluid turbulence.
There can be many variations on the shell and tube design. Typically, the ends of each tube are connected to plenums (sometimes called water boxes) through holes in tubesheets. The tubes may be straight or bent in the shape of a U, called U-tubes.
In nuclear power plants called pressurized water reactors, large heat exchangers called steam generators are two-phase, shell-and-tube heat exchangers which typically have U-tubes. They are used to boil water recycled from a surface condenser into steam to drive a turbine to produce power. Most shell-and-tube heat exchangers are either 1, 2, or 4 pass designs on the tube side. This refers to the number of times the fluid in the tubes passes through the fluid in the shell. In a single pass heat exchanger, the fluid goes in one end of each tube and out the other.
Surface condensers in power plants are often 1-pass straight-tube heat exchangers (see Surface condenser for diagram). Two and four pass designs are common because the fluid can enter and exit on the same side. This makes construction much simpler.
Product picture
